Aberdeen petroleum 1975 devon energy aberdeen petroleum corp. Crude oil varies from oilfield to oilfield in colour and composition, from a pale yellow low viscosity liquid to heavy black treacle consistencies. Nov 19, 2001 in the latest move toward consolidation in the global energy business, phillips petroleum co. Petroleum refining refers to the process of converting crude oil into useful products. Petroleum refining in nontechnical language william l. Fundamentals of petroleum refining provides a thorough and balanced introduction to refinery engineering topics, from basic concepts and unit operations to overall refinery economics, planning and. Government accounting office 2004, hastings 2004, taylor and hosken 2007, simpson and taylor 2008, and taylor, kreisle, and zimmerman forthcoming. Leffler and a great selection of related books, art and collectibles available now at. Understanding the business of processing crude oil into fuels and other value added products. Highlights of gao14249, a report to congressional requesters march. A variety of intermediate and finished products, including middle distillates, gasoline, kerosene, jet fuel, and sour gases are dried and sweetened. Potential impacts of reductions in refinery activity on. Reviewing industry developments since the 1980s, this report finds, among other things, that concentration in crude oil at the country or company level has remained relatively low and that mergers among private oil companies have not significantly affected crude oil concentration.
It is defined as a naturally occurring mixture consisting predominantly of hydrocarbon and or of sulphur, nitrogen and or oxygen derivatives of hydrocarbons, which is removed from the earth in liquid state or is capable of being removed. Petroleum refining or oil refining is an industrial process in which crude oil is extracted from the ground and transformed and refined into useful products like liquefied petroleum gas lpg, kerosene, asphalt base, jet fuel, gasoline, heating oil, fuel oils etc. Energy information administration eia report, reductions in northeast refining activity. History, process and products nearly every aspect of our modern lifestyle is impacted by oil. Authority to specify minimum stocks of petroleum products. Tesoro petroleum tso to acquire western refining wnr.
However, when prices started falling again in the second half of. Petroleum refining for the nontechnical person pennwell nontechnical series leffler, william l. It is second only to the chemicals industry in the total amount of energy it consumes. Petroleum refining for the nontechnical person pennwell nontechnical series. Biodesulfurization in petroleum refining request pdf. Petroleum refining the united states is the largest, most sophisticated producer of refined petroleum products in the world. The boards of the companies also considered and signed on 12 and march 2007 a plan for demerging hydro as part of the merger. Energy information administration potential impacts of reductions in refinery activity on northeast petroleum product markets 2 1. Every marketing company shall maintain such minimum stocks of petroleum products as the authority may, having.
Shareholders of tesoro tso 1% and western refining wnr 0. Introduction this report is an update to a previous u. In processing crude oil 84 by volume of the hydrocarbons are converted into. Effects of mergers and market concentration in the us petroleum. Petroleum refining processes are the chemical engineering processes and other facilities used in petroleum refineries also referred to as oil refineries to transform crude oil into useful products such as liquefied petroleum gas lpg, gasoline or petrol, kerosene, jet fuel, diesel oil and fuel oils.
Challenges for the refining industry include lowerquality crude oil, crude oil price volatility, and environmental regulations that require cleaner manufacturing processes and higherperformance products. Petroleum refining and the prod uction of ulsg and ulsd october 24, 2011 page 2 2. The petroleum refining industry converts crude oil into more than 2500. Mar 27, 2017 downstream operators tesoro corporation tso and western refining, inc. May 31, 2017 as previously disclosed, on november 16, 2016, western refining, tesoro, tahoe merger sub 1, inc. Tesoro, western refining stockholders approve merger deal. Petroleum refiners have a choice of several different treating processes, but the primary purpose of the majority of them is the elimination of unwanted sulfur compounds. Several of those were accompanied by corporate governance problem and dotcom bubble. Unlike previous petroleum merger retrospectives, which were restricted to gasoline, we test also for competitive effects in diesel fuel. Black oil, which collects and purchases used motor oil directly from thirdparty generators, aggregates used motor oil, and sells used motor oil to its customers for use as a feedstock or replacement fuel for industrial burners. As previously disclosed, on november 16, 2016, western refining, tesoro, tahoe merger sub 1, inc. The other links add value to petroleum mainly by moving and storing it e. The primary endproducts produced in petroleum refining may be grouped.
Over 40 scientists, experts and professionals from both academia and industry have contributed to the 33 chapters in this handbook. Mergers and acquisitions in the petroleum industry onepetro. This authoritative resource will prove essential for anyone who needs current, expertly written coverage of the latest developments in the petroleum refining process industry. Mar 14, 2017 this fully revised fourth edition is a complete compendium of licensable technologies for the refining of petroleum and production of environmentally acceptable fuels and petrochemical intermediates. Refining of petroleum petroleum is a complex mixture of organic liquids called crude oil and natural gas, which occurs naturally in the ground and was formed millions of years ago. Petroleum is used mostly, by volume, for producing fuel oiland petrol, both important primary energy sources.
Crude oil consists of hydrocarbons, along with other minerals and trace elements. Since the recession of 2007 to 2009, the industry has been in transition. Fundamentals of petroleum refining provides a thorough and balanced introduction to refinery engineering topics, from basic concepts and unit operations to. There are three steps in the petroleum refining process separation, conversion. Tesoro petroleum tso and western refining wnr shareholders approve merger. During the past few years there has been a significant increase in mergers and acquisitions in the petroleum industry table 1. Merger of statoil and hydros petroleum operations recommendation from the ministry of petroleum and energy of 30 march 2007, approved by the council of state on the same day. In processing crude oil 84% by volume of the hydrocarbons are converted into such products. In general, mergers raise concerns about potential anticompetitive effects on the u. Refining of petroleum petroleum is a dark oily liquid. Crude oil is composed of hundreds of different hydrocarbon molecules, which are separated through the process of refining.
Petroleum refinery activities start with receipt of. The data represents acquisitions, mergers, and swaps with deal values. This seminar program, outlined below, was designed to serve as an introduction to petroleum refining processing. Radchenko chemistry and technology of fuels and oils volume 11, pages 747 753 1975cite this article. Petroleum institute separators, dissolved air flotation daf units and further treatment units such as an activated sludge biotreater to make water suitable for reusing or for disposal.
However, none of these products would exist without the. This is a list of products produced from petroleum. Potential implications for petroleum product markets. This work was supported by the california energy commission through the u.
Types of unrefined petroleum include asphalt, bitumen, crude oil, and natural gas. Vertex energy is an environmental services company that recycles industrial waste streams and offspecification commercial chemical products. Chapter 5 the petroleum refining industry industry overview the petroleum refining industry uses the largest quantity of premium fuels in the industrial sector, amounting to 2,7 quads in 1981. Divestiture of south penn, american transit, southwest. Mergers and acquisitions in oil and gas it has been an interesting year for buy and sell side deals in the oil and gas sector in 20. A genealogy of the oil industry uga geology department. Petroleum refining information on petroleum and crude oil. During the fifth merger wave, investors were seeking crossborder deals. This oneofakind, comprehensive handbook provides the latest industry and research advances in petroleum refining, natural gas processing, and refinery management. Detailed study of the petroleum refining category 2019. Petroleum is converted into energy rich fuels such as gasoline, diesel, jet, heating, liquid petroleum gas lpg, and other fuel oils. Classified under sic 29, the petroleum refining industry is.
Sulfur is the most abundant element after carbon and hydrogen, then comes. This fully revised fourth edition is a complete compendium of licensable. Petroleum and natural gas deposits the worlds first oil well was drilled in pennsylvania. Section 2 provides an overview of current regulations affecting the petroleum refining. Petroleum refining volume 1 refining has the function of transforming crude oil from various origins into a set of refined products in accordance with precise specifications and in quantities corresponding as closely as possible to the market requirements. The first half of 20 has been subdued in comparison to previous years in respect of global transaction activity. Phillips petroleum, conoco agree to merger deal the. Petroleum refiners must face billiondollar investments in equipment in order to meet everchanging environmental requirements. Request pdf oil refining and products this article discusses the various aspects of petroleum refining and oil products as a primary energy source and as a. Learn more about petroleum refining, including its history and the various processes used to create the different products. Problems in petroleum refining and petrochemical production at the 9th world petroleum congress. Reviewing industry developments since the 1980s, this report finds, among other things, that concentration in crude oil at the country or company level has remained relatively low and that mergers among private oil companies have not significantly affected. Unit added exploration and production to its operations and made its shares available to the public. Petroleum refining, conversion of crude oil into useful products, including fuel oils, gasoline petrol, asphalt, and kerosene.
In this lecture, we present read reason write 9th edition pdf a brief overview of the. William lefflers petroleum refining in nontechnical language, fourth edition is designed to give the reader an overview of key refining topics by using relevant analogies, easytounderstand graphs, formulas, and illustrations. Oil refining and products request pdf researchgate. Petroleum refining at a glance petroleum refining is a unique and critical link in the petroleum supply chain, from the wellhead to the pump. It is a mixture of various constituents such as petroleum gas, petrol, diesel, lubricating oil, paraffin wax, etc. Article related press releases 1 stock quotes 3 comments 0 free breaking news alerts from. This report updates two earlier ftc studies on mergers and structural change in the u.
This plan, hereafter called the merger plan, will be submitted. Manual 58 mnl58 petroleum refining and natural gas processing. Western refining announces results of tesoro acquisition. The petroleum refining industry in the united states is the largest in the world, providing inputs to virtually any economic sector, including the transport sector. This tutorial addresses the basic principles of petroleum refining, as they relate to the. The merger would enable totalfinaelf to control each of the stages. It is ideal for professionals who are on the outside looking in, i.
An attempt is made in all issues to balance the subject matter and to appeal to a broad readership. Because the design and construction of new processing units entail several years lead time, refiners are reluctant to commit these dollars for equipment that may no longer meet certain conditions when the units come on stream. Several explanations have been put forth to explain the heightened merger activity. Petroleum refining for the nontechnical person by william l. Tesoro petroleum tso to acquire western refining wnr in. Petroleum refining for the non technical person abebooks. Par petroleum corporation, headquartered in houston, texas, is a growthoriented integrated refiner and marketer of petroleum products. William lefflers petroleum refining in nontechnical language, 4th edition is a comprehensive overview of key refining topics by using relevant analogies, easytounderstand graphs, formulas, and illustrations. Mar 24, 2017 tesoro petroleum tso and western refining wnr shareholders approve merger article related press releases 1 stock quotes 3 comments 0 free breaking news alerts from. Petroleum mergers and competition in the northeast united.
Combine blendstocks to produce finished products that. Energy analysis department environmental energy technologies department 1 cyclotron road berkeley, ca 94720. Oil refineries and bulk storage of crude oil and petroleum products. The following sections of this report provide an overview of the petroleum refining industry and a summary of the analyses conducted by the epa as part of the detailed study. In early 1988, as a result of its diversifying business activity, unit reorganized its business operation resulting in its oil and natural gas exploration operations being carried out by its wholly owned subsidiary, unit petroleum company and its contract drilling service being. En commission decision of 9 february 2000 declaring a. Petroleum refining for the nontechnical person pennwell.
Topics petroleum, engineering collection opensource language english. It delivers indepth coverage of todays petroleum refining technologies, methods, and best practices. New to this edition is important information on the nature of crude oil and raw materials and a comprehensive. Par petroleum completes acquisition of mid pac petroleum. Oil is used to power our vehicles, to create medicines that keep us healthy, and to make the plastics, cosmetics, and other personal products that enhance our daily lives. The seminar focuses on the core refining processes of fluid catalytic cracking, alkylation, hydrotreating, hydrocracking, and catalytic reforming, although all major processes are covered in detail. According to north, the financial climate in the u. Profile of the petroleum refining industry in california. Petroleum is a complex mixture of organic liquids called crude oil and natural gas, which occurs naturally in the ground and was formed millions of years ago. The journal of petroleum science and engineering covers the fields of petroleum and natural gas exploration, production and flow in its broadest possible sense.
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